By Atoun Jan
QAMISHLI, Syria (North Press) – Since the onset of the Syrian conflict in 2011, the country has been marred by a silent yet deadly threat: landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO). These remnants of war continue to claim lives, hinder reconstruction efforts, and pose significant challenges to returning civilians. Despite the end of the Assad regime in December 2024, the legacy of these explosives remains a pressing issue.
The Human Cost
Over the past decade, Syria has become one of the most landmine-affected countries globally. According to the Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR), more than 3,350 civilians have been killed by landmines since 2011, with significant numbers of women and children among the victims. The International NGO Safety Organisation (INSO) reports that since December 2024, at least 249 individuals, including 60 children, have lost their lives, and 379 others have been injured due to landmine incidents.
Demining Efforts: Local and International Actors
Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF)
The SDF has played a key role in removing landmines in northeastern Syria, particularly in areas previously controlled by ISIS such as Raqqa and Deir ez-Zor. Working in collaboration with local demining teams, SDF engineers have dismantled numerous mines and improvised explosive devices (IEDs), helping civilians safely return to their homes.
Despite their dedication, SDF teams face resource limitations and often rely on basic tools such as metal detectors and minimal protective gear.
U.S.-Led Coalition
The U.S.-led coalition has supported the SDF and other local forces by providing specialized demining equipment, technical expertise, and training. While its primary focus has been military operations against ISIS, the coalition’s logistical support has significantly improved the effectiveness of local demining teams.
However, the scale of contamination in Syria is enormous, and a coordinated nationwide strategy is essential to fully address the threat of landmines.
International Organizations
Organizations such as the Mines Advisory Group (MAG) and The Halo Trust have been instrumental in neutralizing tens of thousands of explosive remnants. MAG alone has cleared over 80,000 explosive devices, while the Halo Trust focuses on high-risk areas in Raqqa and Deir ez-Zor.
Challenges and Humanitarian Impact
Despite these efforts, the threat remains significant. Mines continue to claim lives and prevent safe resettlement, and survivors often suffer physical injuries, psychological trauma, and economic hardships. Limited resources, lack of coordination, and the extensive contamination of previously contested territories exacerbate the problem.
Conclusion
The combined efforts of SDF, the U.S.-led coalition, and international NGOs are critical, but a cohesive, nationwide strategy is necessary. Sustained international support, increased resources, and collaboration with local communities are vital to ensure a mine-free Syria and to allow displaced civilians to safely return home.